Puerto Rico imports eighty-five percent of its food and the agricultural industry was decimated by hurricane Maria. "El Retorno a la tierra" empowers communities to produce their own food and be self-sufficient. This project presents strategies that could be implemented within the landscape in a barrio for the community to produce their own food. It uses the basic unit of the barrio as a model that could be expanded to other areas. It finds opportunities in the current condition of the forests in the aftermath of hurricane Maria and proposes an integration of food crops with the reforestation efforts in the forests edges, pastures and grasslands. In the 1930's Puerto Rico had an agricultural economy and most of its land was dedicated to agriculture, but this "Retorno a la tierra" is different because it focuses on the diversity and ecological basis of subsistence agriculture, rather than export agriculture that was primary dominated by monoculture. This proposal establishes a new community-based agroecology that creates the possibilities for bringing people back to the land.

This research examined the capacity for restoration projects to ameliorate disturbed sites in the desert in the context of unprecedented biodiversity loss and potential extinction of species. The study investigated what factors influence revegetation efforts in the Mojave Desert through meta-analysis and field surveys. The goals were to determine influential existing conditions, biophysical, and anthropogenic factors, assess the effectiveness of revegetation techniques, and comprehend vegetation succession following the revegetation of disturbed arid sites.

The Morongo Basin and Joshua Tree National Park was especially limited in published research. It is currently experiencing an increase in negative environmental impacts attributed to increased urban development, recreation, and global warming. This study shows that revegetation is possible, yet factors and strategies are variable and site-specific. The results and analysis are valuable for landscape architects practicing adjacent to the urban-wildland interface in arid environments. In addition, this research suggests the importance of understanding soils and the vegetation successional patterns and the need for increased monitoring of restoration efforts in arid regions.

This project is a studio coursework. The unification process on the Korea Peninsula is currently the focus of political, cultural and media attention around the world. The 'Korea Remade' project investigates landscape planning and design concerns and offers creative and practical approaches to aid in, and advance the unification processes.

In 1945, the Korean Peninsula was divided into divided territories with standing armies on either side of the 38^th Parallel. Recently in 2018, the North Korea and South Korea leaders met at the heavily fortified demilitarized zone (DMZ) established after 1953 between the countries and agreed to officially end the Korean War (1950- 53). As landscape designers, we wanted to use landscape architecture and design approaches as a medium to help the process of unification through programs, infrastructure and remaking the landscape of the peninsula.

The Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) is the boundary between South and North Korea, it is a 2.5 miles wide and a 150miles long corridor. What could this site be used during unification and post-unification? How can landscape design help the unification process?

With the imminent transformation of the East Campus at Washington University, this project-based investigation of is structured around an historical and ecological analysis of a pin-oak allée. This project examines our local landscape and resource legacy, offering insight into the greater meaning of trees in our urban ecosystem.

Beginning with one tree, this project bore an understanding of the community of trees, and an interrogation into ways that our landscape imaginaries can be tuned to embrace arboreal collectivity. The allée became a laboratory: asking questions of the trees, questions of their context, and questions of ourselves.

Working with arborists, ecologists, landscape architects, sculptors, dendrochronologists and artists, students interrogated the many meanings of one tree-from root to crown, from microbial sub-soil cultures to species habitats in its highest branches, from the monoculture of the 43 tree allée, to the diverse community beyond.

The project was capped by a ritual felling of a single tree in advance of the campus transformation, with this One Tree returning to the new landscape as a nurse log in 2019.

At this moment, over 1.7 million children in the US are victims of parental incarceration, which induces trauma on children and leads to stress and insecurity. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACES), including parental incarceration, are linked with health disparities, disease, and even early death. Prison visitation has been shown to improve offender health, and reduce offender misconduct and lower recidivism. This project creates healthy environments for prison visits, thereby strengthening the bonds between mothers and their children.

The Iowa Correctional Institution for Women (ICIW) in Mitchellville partnered with students in our University's College of Design to design and build a space for incarcerated mothers to connect with their children. The design was created through a participatory process with incarcerated mothers and their children. We worked closely with prison administration to mitigate safety and security concerns. The resulting garden, grounded in therapeutic and biophilic design principles, provides interactive play, a walking and tricycle path, colorful plantings, and a conversation grove.